Ahmed Khalil, Rafid. “Handwritten Arabic Alphanumeric Character Recognition Using BP and SOFM NeuralNetworks”. Al-Rafidain Engineering Journal (AREJ) 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 68–80. Accessed October 2, 2025. https://jcis.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/arej/article/view/30981.